Business Strategy & Outlook

The Gap’s family of brands lacks an intangible asset or cost advantage that would provide an economic moat. The company has experienced years of inconsistent results and has recently suffered major merchandising and supply chain woes. Still, Gap has fair liquidity, and its Old Navy chain as a solid business. According to Euromonitor, Old Navy is the largest individual apparel brand by retail sales in the United States, and, despite ongoing issues, the Gap’s goal of $10 billion in annual sales for the label (up from $9.1 billion in 2021) as achievable in 2026. Old Navy, though, faces considerable competition in the discount apparel space from wide-moat Amazon, other e-commerce, outlet stores, and discounters like narrow-moat Ross Stores. Meanwhile, Old Navy already has more than 1,250 North America stores, so much of its future growth is expected to come from stores in smaller, unproven markets. As its matter of wary of the potential of these markets, one cannot view Gap’s stated goal of 2,000 Old Navy stores in North America as reasonable. Rather, it will have about 1,500 locations in 10 years.

One cannot believe Gap’s once-powerful Gap and Banana Republic brands have competitive advantages, either. According to a 2019 presentation, Old Navy was generating about 80% of Gap’s operating profit even before the pandemic. Now, with scores of Gap and Banana Republic stores slated to be closed, the brands are permanently diminished. Moreover, while a necessary move, as a  doubt that downsizing will improve Gap’s overall margins very much. The firm says that it can reach 10% operating margins in about three years, but Gap’s long-term operating margins at just 8%. Further, one cannot think fast-growing Athleta has achieved a competitive advantage. Athleta grew to more than $1.4 billion in sales in 2021 from $249 million in 2012. However, at less than 10% of Gap’s sales, Athleta is not large or old enough to provide a moat for Gap. Moreover, while the brand benefits from a strong “athleisure” trend, it lacks the pricing power of direct competitor narrow-moat Lululemon.

Financial Strengths

One cannot think Gap has any liquidity concerns even though its free cash flow dropped significantly in 2020 and 2021 due to the COVID-19 crisis and it suffered an operating loss in 2022’s first quarter. In 2021’s third quarter, the firm issued $1.5 billion in new debt that matures in 2029 and 2031 ($750 million each) at interest rates of 3.625% and 3.875%, respectively, and subsequently paid down $1.9 billion in higher-interest debt. After these transactions, it closed March 2022 with $845 million in cash and investments and $1.8 billion in debt. Given that its earliest significant maturity is now seven years away, one cannot view Gap’s debt as a concern. Under normal circumstances, the firm generates significant cash flow, including more than $700 million in free cash flow to equity in 2019. Gap suspended dividend payments and share repurchases during the crisis but resumed both in 2021. The firm has signaled that it will continue to issue dividends despite recognizing a loss in 2022’s first quarter. It is been expected it will return around 30% of its earnings to shareholders as dividends over the next decade. Gap has also been a consistent purchaser of its own stock, having reduced its share count by about 47% between 2008 and 2021. The average yearly repurchases of about $500 million over the next 10 years. The repurchases as prudent when executed at a discount to in the assessment of the firm’s intrinsic value, as has recently been the case. The Gap’s capital expenditures to average 4% of sales over the next 10 years, in line with the 10-year historical average. Gap intends to open Old Navy and Athleta stores and continue to invest in digital capabilities and its supply chain to keep up with competitors.

Bulls Say

• According to Euromonitor, Old Navy is the largest apparel brand in U.S. It competes in the discount apparel sector, which has been healthier than other areas of apparel retail. 

• Athleta has established itself in the fast-growing women’s athleisure market, one of the bright spots in North America apparel. The number of Athleta stores will nearly double over the next decade. 

• Gap’s e-commerce accounted for more than $6.4 billion in sales in 2021, 39% of its total sales. COVID-19 has accelerated e-commerce growth for Gap and others in the apparel space.

Company Description

Gap retails apparel, accessories, and personal-care products under the Gap, Old Navy, Banana Republic, and Athleta brands. Old Navy generates more than half of Gap’s sales. The firm also operates e-commerce sites, outlet stores, and specialty stores under various Gap names. Gap operates nearly 3,000 stores in North America, Europe, and Asia and franchises about 600 stores in Asia, Europe, Latin America, and other regions. Gap was founded in 1969 and is based in San Francisco.

(Source: Morningstar)

DISCLAIMER for General Advice: (This document is for general advice only).

This document is provided by Laverne Securities Pty Ltd T/as Laverne Investing. Laverne Securities Pty Ltd, CAR 001269781 of Laverne Capital Pty Ltd AFSL No. 482937.

The material in this document may contain general advice or recommendations which, while believed to be accurate at the time of publication, are not appropriate for all persons or accounts. This document does not purport to contain all the information that a prospective investor may require.  The material contained in this document does not take into consideration an investor’s objectives, financial situation or needs. Before acting on the advice, investors should consider the appropriateness of the advice, having regard to the investor’s objectives, financial situation, and needs. The material contained in this document is for sales purposes. The material contained in this document is for information purposes only and is not an offer, solicitation or recommendation with respect to the subscription for, purchase or sale of securities or financial products and neither or anything in it shall form the basis of any contract or commitment. This document should not be regarded by recipients as a substitute for the exercise of their own judgment and recipients should seek independent advice.

The material in this document has been obtained from sources believed to be true but neither Laverne and Banyan Tree nor its associates make any recommendation or warranty concerning the accuracy or reliability or completeness of the information or the performance of the companies referred to in this document. Past performance is not indicative of future performance. Any opinions and or recommendations expressed in this material are subject to change without notice and, Laverne and Banyan Tree are not under any obligation to update or keep current the information contained herein. References made to third parties are based on information believed to be reliable but are not guaranteed as being accurate.

Laverne and Banyan Tree and its respective officers may have an interest in the securities or derivatives of any entities referred to in this material. Laverne and Banyan Tree do and seek to do business with companies that are the subject of its research reports. The analyst(s) hereby certify that all the views expressed in this report accurately reflect their personal views about the subject investment theme and/or company securities.

Although every attempt has been made to verify the accuracy of the information contained in the document, liability for any errors or omissions (except any statutory liability which cannot be excluded) is specifically excluded by Laverne and Banyan Tree, its associates, officers, directors, employees, and agents.  Except for any liability which cannot be excluded, Laverne and Banyan Tree, its directors, employees and agents accept no liability or responsibility for any loss or damage of any kind, direct or indirect, arising out of the use of all or any part of this material.  Recipients of this document agree in advance that Laverne and Banyan Tree are not liable to recipients in any matters whatsoever otherwise; recipients should disregard, destroy or delete this document. All information is correct at the time of publication. Laverne and Banyan Tree do not guarantee reliability and accuracy of the material contained in this document and are not liable for any unintentional errors in the document.

The securities of any company(ies) mentioned in this document may not be eligible for sale in all jurisdictions or to all categories of investors. This document is provided to the recipient only and is not to be distributed to third parties without the prior consent of Laverne and Banyan Tree.

Business Strategy and Outlook

Brown-Forman has established itself as a stalwart in matured spirits, an enclave of the distillation industry that it is seen as particularly attractive. In addition to brand recognition and distribution, companies in this industry benefit from scarcity value, the result of the consumer perception surrounding the aging of this type of alcohol and the pricing power that this begets. Against this industry backdrop, it is alleged that Brown-Forman’s portfolio, anchored by the Jack Daniel’s brand, boasts some of the highest cachet globally. 

The firm made its bones in whiskey, with Jack Daniel’s Tennessee Whiskey being the best-selling American whiskey in the world, but it also has strong tequila brands like el Jimador and Herradura. The resonance of its trademarks is reflected in its ability to parlay them into numerous line extensions, such as Jack Daniel’s Tennessee Honey, Apple, and ready-to-drink beverages. These provide stimulus to its top line, not only by maintaining mind share among its core consumers, but by expanding the types of palates to which its drinks appeal. Brown-Forman is also benefiting from growth abroad, buoyed by the broader resurgence in global demand for bourbon. It is probable that developed markets like the United Kingdom as well as developing economies like Mexico to be increasingly pertinent to its overall trajectory. 

Still, the company’s path will not be completely unencumbered. Tariff relief remains a near-term tailwind, but dollar strength figures to slow demand for (proportionately) more expensive U.S. exports. Go-to-market changes also add a degree of execution risk. Despite a successful transition to owned distribution in the U.K, where it previously partnered with Bacardi, future transitions (such as in Taiwan) may not yield similar results. Additionally, while COVID-19 accelerated secular trends in developed markets, developing markets face a more precarious outlook, particularly amid a backdrop of swelling inflation in nondiscretionary spending categories. Nevertheless, it is likely that Brown-Forman’s embedded advantages and experienced management team will help the company navigate these risks.

Financial Strength

Brown-Forman is in solid financial health, and from analyst’s vantage point, the coronavirus pandemic has not altered this reality. The company has a manageable balance sheet and commendable cash flow generation. Net leverage currently sits well below 2 times EBITDA, with ample capacity to tilt the capital structure toward debt as financial opportunities dictate. Still, management has historically been quite conservative with mergers and acquisitions, and no transformative transactions on the horizon in seen. Free cash flow has averaged nearly $675 million over the past five years (high teens as a proportion of sales), which is viewed as a worthy accomplishment in light of the heightened investment levels that have prevailed over the same time frame. Capital expenditures have averaged north of 3% of sales over the past five years, with management investing in production lines, warehousing facilities, and modernization and automation initiatives in its supply chain. It is anticipated that gradual normalization of capital outlays throughout expert’s explicit forecast, following a sharp increase in fiscal 2023, which stands to augment Brown-Forman’s long-term free cash flow margins despite recurring working capital investments in inventory. It is alleged that the stellar cash generation will continue supporting dividends and increases, as well as appreciable reductions in the share count. Moreover, the firm’s commitment to shareholder returns should not impinge on its liquidity, even amid COVID-19. In addition to $868 million in balance sheet cash as of the end of fiscal 2022, the company maintains consistent access to capital markets primarily through a commercial paper program (backed by its revolving credit facility) facilitating borrowings of up to $800 million.

Bulls Say’s

• Brown-Forman has a foothold in multiple matured spirits categories, where market structure and consumer perception spawn robust pricing and operating margins. 
• Flavoured line extensions in the Jack Daniel’s family should foster brand resonance among a new generation of alcohol consumers. 
• COVID-19 impacts in important markets like the U.S. have proven muted, thanks to a confluence of portfolio and consumer demand dynamics.

Company Profile 

Brown-Forman is the largest U.S.-domiciled producer of distilled spirits. The firm reports only a single operating segment, and whiskey represents its primary business driver, generating roughly three quarters of sales, undergirded by the Jack Daniel’s brand as well as bourbons such as Woodford Reserve and Old Forrester. Notable nonwhiskey offerings include tequilas such as el Jimador and Herradura. The firm operates globally, with products sold in more than 170 countries, and adapts its route-to-consumer model depending on regulation as well as the prevailing competitive dynamics in a given market. For example, it sells through distributors in the U.S. but operates its own logistics apparatus in many other countries. The company remains under the control of the Brown family. 

(Source: MorningStar)

DISCLAIMER for General Advice: (This document is for general advice only).

This document is provided by Laverne Securities Pty Ltd T/as Laverne Investing. Laverne Securities Pty Ltd, CAR 001269781 of Laverne Capital Pty Ltd AFSL No. 482937.

The material in this document may contain general advice or recommendations which, while believed to be accurate at the time of publication, are not appropriate for all persons or accounts. This document does not purport to contain all the information that a prospective investor may require.  The material contained in this document does not take into consideration an investor’s objectives, financial situation or needs. Before acting on the advice, investors should consider the appropriateness of the advice, having regard to the investor’s objectives, financial situation, and needs. The material contained in this document is for sales purposes. The material contained in this document is for information purposes only and is not an offer, solicitation or recommendation with respect to the subscription for, purchase or sale of securities or financial products and neither or anything in it shall form the basis of any contract or commitment. This document should not be regarded by recipients as a substitute for the exercise of their own judgment and recipients should seek independent advice.

The material in this document has been obtained from sources believed to be true but neither Laverne and Banyan Tree nor its associates make any recommendation or warranty concerning the accuracy or reliability or completeness of the information or the performance of the companies referred to in this document. Past performance is not indicative of future performance. Any opinions and or recommendations expressed in this material are subject to change without notice and, Laverne and Banyan Tree are not under any obligation to update or keep current the information contained herein. References made to third parties are based on information believed to be reliable but are not guaranteed as being accurate.

Laverne and Banyan Tree and its respective officers may have an interest in the securities or derivatives of any entities referred to in this material. Laverne and Banyan Tree do and seek to do, business with companies that are the subject of its research reports. The analyst(s) hereby certify that all the views expressed in this report accurately reflect their personal views about the subject investment theme and/or company securities.

Although every attempt has been made to verify the accuracy of the information contained in the document, liability for any errors or omissions (except any statutory liability which cannot be excluded) is specifically excluded by Laverne and Banyan Tree, its associates, officers, directors, employees, and agents.  Except for any liability which cannot be excluded, Laverne and Banyan Tree, its directors, employees and agents accept no liability or responsibility for any loss or damage of any kind, direct or indirect, arising out of the use of all or any part of this material.  Recipients of this document agree in advance that Laverne and Banyan Tree are not liable to recipients in any matters whatsoever otherwise; recipients should disregard, destroy or delete this document. All information is correct at the time of publication. Laverne and Banyan Tree do not guarantee reliability and accuracy of the material contained in this document and is not liable for any unintentional errors in the document.

The securities of any company(ies) mentioned in this document may not be eligible for sale in all jurisdictions or to all categories of investors. This document is provided to the recipient only and is not to be distributed to third parties without the prior consent of Laverne and Banyan Tree.