Business Strategy and Outlook
Boeing is a major aerospace and defense firm that generates revenue primarily from manufacturing commercial aircraft. Boeing’s commercial aircraft segment can be split into two parts: narrow-bodied planes that are ideal for high-frequency short-haul routes, and wide-bodies that are used for transcontinental flights. Sales volumes for narrow-bodies have increased over the past 20 years the worldwide rise of low-cost carriers and an emerging-market middle class.
Boeing’s narrow-body business is bruised after the extended grounding of the 737 MAX, but it is anticipated that the structural tailwinds driving narrow-body demand, particularly the development of emerging-market economies, will continue as the world emerges from the COVID-19 pandemic. As nations grow richer, their citizens tend to demand travel, and almost all aviation demand is served by two firms. It is projected that Boeing will ramp 737 MAX production above previous peak levels to serve global aircraft demand. Critical to our thesis is a normalization of U.S.-China trade relations, as management anticipates China will provide about a quarter of the growth in the aviation market over the next decade.
It is expected that wide-body demand will recover more slowly from the COVID-19 downturn than narrow-body demand because wide-bodies are used for longer haul trips, which are unlikely to recover until a COVID-19 vaccine is distributed globally, which likely will begin happening in 2022. It is held that Boeing’s 787 Dreamliner is a fantastic aircraft for long-haul travel, but it is expected production issues will stop deliveries until 2022. It is alleged Boeing’s commercial deliveries will sustainably return to 2018 levels in 2026.
Boeing has segments dedicated to the production of defense-specific products and aftermarket servicing. These businesses together generate about 38% of our midcycle operating income. It is broadly assumed GDP-like growth in the defense business and expect the services business will regain profitability faster than Boeing as a whole because aftermarket revenue increases directly with flights, but that global retirements will slow the recovery of this segment over the medium term.
Financial Strength
Boeing’s capitalization is looking more uncertain since the COVID-19 outbreak has substantially reduced air travel. EBITDA turned negative in 2020, which renders many traditional leverage metrics meaningless. The company ended 2021 with about $58.1 billion in debt and $16.2 billion in cash. Analysts’ expect EBITDA expansion and debt reduction over our forecast period to lead to gross debt/EBITDA levels at about 8.0 in 2022 and lower levels in subsequent years. Our estimated 2022 EBITDA covers interest expense 2.4 times, and the company has access to additional liquidity if necessary. In subsequent years, free cash flow is positive and EBITDA covers interest expense by about 5 or more times. The firm’s first capital allocation priority is to reduce debt, but will face considerable challenges as it needs to also reinvest in new technology to remain competitive. It is likely the correct balance between debt reduction and reinvestment is the critical question management needs to address.
Bulls Say’s
- Boeing has a large backlog that covers several years of production for the most popular aircraft, which gives us confidence in aggregate demand for aerospace products.
- Boeing is well-positioned to benefit from emerging market growth in revenue passenger kilometers and a robust developed market replacement cycle over the next two decades.
- It is probable that commercial airframe manufacturing will remain a duopoly for most of the world for the foreseeable future. It is anticipated customers will not have many options other than continuing to rely on incumbent aircraft suppliers.
Company Profile
Boeing is a major aerospace and defense firm. With headquarters in Chicago, the firm operates in four segments, commercial airplanes, defense, space & security, global services, and Boeing capital. Boeing’s commercial airplanes segment generally produces about 60% of sales and two-thirds of operating profit, and it competes with Airbus in the production of aircraft ranging from 130 seats upwards. Boeing’s defense, space & security segment competes with Lockheed, Northrop, and several other firms to create military aircraft and weaponry. The defense segment produces about 25% of sales and 13% of operating profit, respectively. Boeing’s global services segment provides aftermarket servicing to commercial and military aircraft and produces about 15% of sales and 21% of operating profit.
(Source: MorningStar)
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