The firm has long benefited from semiconductor firms around the globe transitioning from integrated device manufacturers to fables designers. The rise of fabless semiconductor firms has been sustaining the growth of foundries, which has in turn encouraged increased competition.
To prolong the excess returns enabled by leading-edge process technology, or nodes, TSMC initially focuses on logic products, mostly used on central processing units, or CPUs, and mobile chips, then focuses on more cost-conscious applications. The firm’s strategy is successful, illustrated by the fact it’s one of the two foundries still possessing leading-edge nodes when dozens of peers lagged.
The two long-term growth factors for TSMC: First, the recent consolidation of semiconductor firms is expected to create demand for integrated systems made with the most advanced nodes. Second, organic growth of AI, Internet of Things, and high-performance computing, or HPC, applications may last for decades. AI and HPC play a central role in quickly processing human and machine inputs to solve complex problems like autonomous driving and language processing. Cheaper semiconductors have made integrating sensors, controllers and motors to improve home, office and factory efficiency possible.
TSMC Q3 Profits Beat Our Expectations. Strong LongTerm Outlook Trump Near-Term Supply Chain Woes
During the third-quarter revenue was TWD 415 billion, up 11.4% from the previous quarter and in line with our forecasts. Gross and operating profit rebounded 1.2 and 2.1 percentage points respectively to 51.3% and 41.2%. We think this set of results is commendable, especially amid the market’s concerns of weak smartphone and PC outlook for the second half of 2021.
For the fourth quarter of 2021, TSMC anticipates top line to range between USD 15.4 and 15.7 billion, or 3.5-5.5% sequential growth.Gross and operating margins are guided to range between 51% and 53% and 39%-41% respectively, up 1.5 and 0.5 percentage points against third quarter.
Management confirmed a fab in Japan, subject to board approval. The fab will focus on specialty applications based on 22nm and 28nm processes, which we believe to be mainly image sensors and high-end automotive microcontrollers. Management treaded carefully regarding price hikes by only saying customers are willing to pay more for the additional value that TSMC can offer in both legacy and leading-edge processes. We are not worried about TSMC hitting physical limits for now, as its suppliers ASML and Tokyo Electron have outlined innovations to sustain performance improvements up to 2030.
Financial Strength
TSMC has maintained a net cash position for the last 10 year-ends, and together with its low cost of debt, demonstrates the success of its strategy to focus on premium products. The company has issued about TWD 97.9 billion (USD 3.5 billion) in domestic debt at less than 0.7% yield and USD 4.5 billion in overseas debt at less than 3.1% yield year to date in 2021, which is small relative to its balance sheet. We estimate TSMC to maintain a net cash position for the next five years. The annual gross margin has fluctuated between 45% and 51% for the past decade. TSMC has never stopped paying dividends since its first distribution in 2004 with only one minuscule 1% cut in 2008. The company is committed to not cutting dividends. We forecast dividends to increase to TWD 12 per share by 2024.
Bull Says
- TSMC should consistently earn higher gross margins than competitors because of its economies of scale and premium pricing justified by cutting-edge process technologies.
- TSMC wins when customers compete to offer the most advanced processing systems using the latest process technologies.
- TSMC will benefit from more semiconductor firms embracing the fabless business model.
Company Profile
Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company, or TSMC, is the world’s largest dedicated chip foundry, with over 58% market share in 2020 per Gartner. TSMC was founded in 1987 as a joint venture of Philips, the government of Taiwan, and private investors. It went public as an ADR in the U.S. in 1997. TSMC’s scale and high-quality technology allow the firm to generate solid operating margins, even in the highly competitive foundry business. Furthermore, the shift to the fabless business model has created tailwinds for TSMC. The foundry leader has an illustrious customer base, including Apple and Nvidia, that looks to apply cutting-edge process technologies to its semiconductor designs.
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