Business Strategy and Outlook
Defense prime contractors are not born, they’re assembled. L3Harris Technologies, the sixth-largest defense prime by defense sales, was made from the merger of equals between L-3 Technologies, a sensor-maker that operated a decentralized business focused on inorganic growth, and the Harris Corporation, a sensor and radio manufacturer that ran a more unified business. Underpinning the merger’s thesis was an assumption that additional scale would primarily generate cost synergies but that eventually, the firms would produce meaningful revenue synergies.
Defense primes are implicitly a play on the defense budget, which is thought to be ultimately a function of a nation’s wealth and its perception of danger. The fiscal stimulus used to support the U.S. economy during the COVID-19 pandemic dramatically increased U.S. debt, and higher debt levels are usually a forward indicator of fiscal austerity. But it is alleged, a flattening, rather than declining, budgetary environment as is seen, that heightened geopolitical tensions between great powers are likely to buoy spending despite a higher debt burden. It is thought contractors will be able to continue growing despite a slowing macroenvironment due to sizable backlogs and the national defense strategy’s increased focus on modernization, and it is believed defense budget growth is likely to return to its long-term trend.
Broadly, it is probable, with management’s thesis on the merger. Cost synergies to a large extent drove the 30-year wave of consolidation across the defense industry, which has largely generated shareholder value. Both L-3 and Harris had high revenue exposure to the defense sensors business and operated reasonably similar businesses, so it isn’t seen major execution risks in the merger. Arguably, L-3 was an ideal partner for a merger of equals because L-3 operated as a holding company and there are quite a few potential efficiencies from consolidating the firm into a more integrated firm. The three biggest firm-specific growth opportunities which are seen for L3Harris Technologies are the tactical radios replacement cycle, national security satellite asset decentralization, and international sales expansion.
Financial Strength
It is held, L3Harris is in solid financial shape. The firm increased debt by about $4.5 billion in 2015 to fund the acquisition of Exelis, a sensor-maker that was spun off from ITT and had been paying down debt since. The firm’s all-stock merger of equals with L-3 Technologies did not dramatically increase debt relative to size, and it is projected, a 2022 gross debt/EBITDA of roughly 2.0 times, which is quite manageable for a steady defense firm. The company is using the proceeds of portfolio divestitures for share repurchases, so it is anticipated EBTIDA expansion will be the driving force behind a decreasing debt/EBITDA over Analysts’ forecast period. While it is cherished the desire to compensate shareholders, it is likely that paying down debt may be more value accretive, as it would make more comfortable for analysts in decreasing their cost of equity assumption for the firm. While L3Harris has some exposure to commercial aviation (depending on definitions, roughly 5%-15% of sales), it is not anticipated the firm will be materially affected by the downturn in commercial aviation. As demand for defense products has remained resilient, it is not foreseen, for the firm needing to raise capital any time soon. That noted, L3Harris produces a substantial amount of free cash flow and is not especially indebted, so it is awaited that the company would be able to access the capital markets at minimal cost if necessary.
Bulls Say’s
- There is substantial potential for cost synergies from the merger with L-3 due to the decentralized organizational structure of the pre-merger entity.
- L3Harris is at the base of a global replacement cycle for tactical radios, which is likely to drive substantial growth.
- Defense prime contractors operate in an acyclical business, which could offer some protection as the U.S. is currently in a recession.
Company Profile
L3Harris Technologies was created in 2019 from the merger of L3 Technologies and Harris, two defense contractors that provide products for the command, control, communications, computers, intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (C4ISR) market. The firm also has smaller operations serving the civil government, particularly the Federal Aviation Administration’s communication infrastructure, and produces various avionics for defense and commercial aviation.
(Source: MorningStar)
General Advice Warning
Any advice/ information provided is general in nature only and does not take into account the personal financial situation, objectives or needs of any particular person.