Business Strategy and Outlook
W.W. Grainger operates in the highly fragmented maintenance, repair, and operating product distribution market, where its over $13 billion of sales represents only 6% global market share (the company has 7% share in the United States and 4% in Canada). The growing prevalence of e-commerce has intensified the competitive environment because of more price transparency and increased access to a wider array of vendors, including Amazon Business, which has entered the mix. As consumer preference began to shift to online and electronic purchasing platforms, Grainger invested heavily in improving its e-commerce capabilities and restructuring its distribution network. It is the now the 11th-largest e-retailer in North America; it shrank its U.S. branch network from 423 in 2010 to 287 in 2020 and added distribution centres in the U.S. to support the growing amount of direct-to-customer shipments. Still, the company had work to do on its pricing. Grainger historically relied on a pricing model that applied contractual discounts to high list prices. Leading up to 2017, though, this model made it difficult to win new business. To address this problem, Grainger rolled out a more competitive pricing model. Lower prices hurt gross profit margins, but volume gains, especially among higher-margin spot buys and midsize accounts, have offset price reductions and helped the company meet its 12%-13% operating margin goal by 2019 (12.1% adjusted operating margin in 2019.
Grainger continues to expand its endless assortment strategy, albeit skeptical of the margin expansion opportunity for this business, given strong competition in the space from the likes of Amazon Business and others. Still, Grainger has distinct competitive advantages in its traditional business, such as its long-standing relationships with large customers and its inventory management solutions, which should help it earn excess returns over the next 10 years.
Financial Strength
As of the fourth quarter of 2021, Grainger had $2.4 billion of debt outstanding, which net of $241 million of cash, represents a leverage ratio of about 1.2 times our 2022 EBITDA estimate. Grainger’s leverage ratio is relatively conservative for the industry, in our view. We believe the company certainly has room to increase leverage if needed, but management looks to be committed to keeping its net leverage ratio between 1-1.5 times. Grainger’s outstanding debt consists of $500 million of 1.85% senior notes due in 2025, $1 billion of 4.6% senior notes due in 2045, $400 million of 3.75% senior notes due in 2046, and $400 million of 4.2% senior notes due in 2047.Grainger has a proven ability to generate free cash flow throughout the cycle. Indeed, it has generated positive free cash flow every year since 2000, and its free cash flow generation tends to spike during downturns because of reduced working capital requirements. By our midcycle year, we forecast the company to generate over $1 billion in free cash flow, supporting its ability to return free cash flow to shareholders. Given the firm’s reasonable use of leverage and consistent free cash flow generation, we believe Grainger exhibits strong financial health.
Bulls Say’s
- With a more sensible, transparent pricing model, Grainger should continue to gain share with existing customers and win higher-margin midsize accounts.
- As a large distributor with national scale and inventory management services, Grainger is well positioned to take share from smaller regional and local distributors as customers consolidate their MRO spending.
- Grainger operates a shareholder-friendly capital allocation strategy; it has increased its dividend for 49 consecutive years and has reduced its diluted average share count by nearly 45% over the last 20 years.
Company Profile
W.W. Grainger distributes 1.5 million maintenance, repair, and operating products that are sourced from over 4,500 suppliers. The company serves about 5 million customers through its online and electronic purchasing platforms, vending machines, catalog distribution, and network of over 400 global branches. In recent years, Grainger has invested in its e-commerce capabilities and is the 11th-largest e-retailer in North America.
(Source: MorningStar)
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Any advice/ information provided is general in nature only and does not take into account the personal financial situation, objectives or needs of any particular person.