. Twitter is an open distribution platform for (and a conversational one around) short-form text, image, and video content. Its users can access real-time information regarding a wide array of topics or news events. They can also share information and content, interact with content, and express their reactions to other Twitter users. These types of interactions allow Twitter to compile more data about its users, their interests, and their behavior, which is then licensed and/or utilized by Twitter and advertisers to launch online brand and targeted ads.
Product enhancements such as the Explore tab may have helped increase initial user engagement and improve user retention, but the firm’s network effect is weakening considerably as its user base shrinks in size relative to rivals. As the likelihood of Twitter attracting more users via content improvement and increasing focus on more live premium content will probably decline (due to significant competition on both fronts), so will the firm’s access to more user data. As a result, more advertisers will increasingly gravitate toward other platforms that offer better targeting capabilities.
Financial Strength
Twitter reported excellent second-quarter results that exceeded our expectations and the FactSet consensus estimates. In addition, some of the firm’s latest non-ad offerings could gain traction in the long run and slightly reduce dependence on advertising, while contributing a bit to revenue growth. Our higher projections resulted in a $58 fair value estimate, up from $52. We recommend new investors to wait for a margin of safety before investing in Twitter as the stock increased 6% in after-hours, trading at 1.27 times our fair value estimate, and 10 times and 35 times our 2021 sales and adjusted EBITDA projections, respectively.
Twitter posted total revenue of $1.19 billion, up 74% from the pandemic-ridden second quarter of 2020, with ad revenue up 87% to $1.05 billion and data licensing and other revenue up 13% to $137 million. The firm’s user count increased 11% to 206 million, with U.S. and international users up 3% and 13%, respectively. The firm has also begun to help small and medium-size businesses launch direct response campaigns based on location, age, and gender. While we had expected such a feature, referred to as Twitter’s Quick Promote, to be available much earlier, it will still likely attract more advertisers.
The firm generated operating income of $30.3 million (2.5% margin) driven by revenue growth, compared with an operating loss of $273.9 million last year–which included a $150 million fine by the FTC regarding usage of phone numbers and email addresses for target marketing. Management guided for $1.22 billion-$1.3 billion in revenue during the third quarter, and operating losses between zero and $50 million. Twitter expects operating expenses to grow by 30% and revenue growth to exceed that. The firm also expects share-based compensation expense of $600 million and capital expenditure of $900 million-$950 million this year.
Twitter has a strong balance sheet with net cash of $5.9 billion. The firm generates cash from operations, and we expect it to generate free cash flow going forward. Twitter’s free cash flow to equity/revenue ratio averaged 18% over the past three years, and we project this ratio to improve to over 26% in 2025.
Company Profile
Twitter is an open distribution platform for and a conversational platform around short-form text (a maximum of 280 characters), image, and video content. Its users can create different social networks based on their interests, thereby creating an interest graph. Many prominent celebrities and public figures have Twitter accounts. Twitter generates revenue from advertising (90%) and licensing the user data that it compiles (10%).
(Source: Morningstar)
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