Business Strategy and Outlook
Hess’ track record for efficiently allocating capital and generating value has been steadily improving for several
years. This had been a source of frustration for shareholders in the past. Before 2012, the firm was struggling
with persistent budget overruns and costly exploration failures, and the eventual collapse in its share price led
to a heated proxy fight with an activist investor (which it lost). Subsequently, the board was reshuffled, and
management began streamlining the company, selling midstream and downstream assets and rationalizing its
upstream portfolio. The current portfolio is more competitive, but the development cost requirements are
heavily front-loaded.
Currently, Hess is one of the largest producers in the Bakken Shale, with about 1,700 producing wells and about
530,000 net acres of leasehold. This includes a large portion in the highly productive area near the Mountrail-
McKenzie County line in North Dakota. Even with four rigs, it would take more than 10 years to develop this
position, and to conserve capital in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic management is only running two rigs
(with a third to be added late 2021). Like peers, Hess has made huge strides with enhanced completions. It is
expected 180-day cumulative oil production to average 150 mbbls going forward (consistent with break-evens
of about $40/bbl. for West Texas Intermediate).
Hess also holds a 30% stake in the Exxon-operated Stabroek block in Guyana, which will be the firm’s core
growth engine going forward and is a game-changer for the company, due to its large scale and exceptional
economics. The block contains numerous confirmed discoveries already, including Liza, which came online in
late 2019. Economically, these projects appear around on par with the Bakken. But the up-front capital
demands are onerous–Hess’ share of the first development phase was over $1 billion. Six phases are currently
planned, culminating in gross volumes of about 1 mmb/d and management has suggested there is scope for as
many as 10 phases in the ultimate development. Total gross recoverable resources are a moving target, but the
latest estimate is over 9 billion barrels of oil equivalent.
Financial Strength
Hess’ Guyana assets are capital-intensive (it must pay 30% of the development costs, which run to $1 billion-$2
billion for each sanctioned phase of development; a total of six are currently planned and more than that are
likely eventually). And these commitments are heavily front-loaded. As a result, capital spending has
significantly exceeded cash flows in the last few years, leaving the firm with leverage ratios that are elevated
from the historical norm. At the end of the last reporting period, debt/capital was 57%, while net debt/EBITDA
was 1.8 times. The good news is that the firm’s liquidity backstop is very strong, as it prefunded a portion of its
Guyana commitment with noncore divestitures. The firm has a $2.4 billion cash war chest, and there is more
than $3 billion available on its credit facility as well. In addition, the term structure of the firm’s debt is fairly
well spread out, and there are no maturities before 2024 (other than a $1 billion term loan due 2023 and likely
to be paid in full with operating cash flows by the end of 2022).The firm does have a covenant requiring it to
Commodities – Energy
28 January 2022
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keep debt/capital above 0.65, though it isn’t expected to get close to that level (and if it does a violation would
still be unlikely because in the associated debt agreement capital is defined to exclude impairments).
Bulls Say’s
The Stabroek block (Guyana), in which Hess has a 30% stake, is a huge resource, with at least 9
billion barrels of oil equivalent recoverable.
The first phase of the Liza development is profitable at $35/bbl (Brent), making it competitive with
the best shale. Management expects similar economics from subsequent projects in Guyana.
Hess’ activity in Guyana provides geographic diversification and insulates it from domestic issues
(like antifracking regulations).
Company Profile
Hess is an independent oil and gas producer with key assets in the Bakken Shale, Guyana, the Gulf of Mexico,
and Southeast Asia. At the end of 2020, the company reported net proved reserves of 1.2 billion barrels of oil
equivalent. Net production averaged 323 thousand barrels of oil equivalent per day in 2020, at a ratio of 70%
oil and natural gas liquids and 30% natural gas.
(Source: Morningstar)
General Advice Warning
Any advice/ information provided is general in nature only and does not take into account the personal
financial situation, objectives or needs of any particular person.