Business Strategy & Outlook:
Since opening its first fasteners store in 1967, Fastenal has built one of the largest industrial distribution businesses in the United States. For many years, Fastenal’s growth story was driven by its branch count, which now stands just under 1,800. While this expansive footprint is still an important component of Fastenal’s business model, other strategies–including expanding its product portfolio, its vending and inventory management services, and, most recently, its on-site program–have become increasingly important growth drivers. The benefits of Fastenal’s vending, inventory management, and on-site services are twofold: Not only do these services drive incremental revenue, they also embed Fastenal in its customers’ procurement processes, which supports higher retention rates and pricing power. Company believes Fastenal has a first-mover advantage in both vending and on-site services, introducing the former in 2008 and the latter in 1992 (although the on-site strategy did not become a focused strategy until the past few years), and sees long growth runways for both offerings. In addition to growth through its vending and on-site initiatives, Fastenal is well positioned to benefit from customer consolidation trends. In recent years, customers have been consolidating their maintenance, repair, and operations, or MRO, spending with large distributors to leverage their purchasing power and increase operational efficiency. With its national scale, broad product portfolio, and inventory management services, the company believes Fastenal can capitalize on this trend and take market share from smaller and less capable distributors.
Because Fastenal’s sales mix is increasingly skewing more toward large national accounts, on-site programs, and more price-competitive MRO products, the company’s gross margins are likely to come under pressure. However, the combination of higher sales volume and containment of selling, general, and administrative costs provide Fastenal the opportunity to realize strong operating leverage and expand operating margins. It is forecasted that Fastenal’s operating margin will reach 21% by midcycle year.
Financial Strengths:
Fastenal has an outstanding debt balance of approximately $390 million. It is leveraged at only 0.1 times 2021 EBITDA, which is very conservative relative to the other industrial distributors company covers. Fastenal’s earnings provide substantial headroom to service debt obligations. During fiscal 2021, Fastenal incurred only about $10 million of interest expense and generated about $1.4 billion of EBITDA, which equates to an extremely comfortable interest coverage ratio. Even with its expansive store footprint and cyclical end markets, Fastenal has a proven ability to generate free cash flow (defined as operating cash flow with fewer capital expenditures) throughout the cycle. Indeed, it has generated positive free cash flow every year since 2003. Given its conservative balance sheet and consistent free cash flow generation, the company believes Fastenal’s financial health is satisfactory.
Bulls Say:
- Vending and on-site programs should provide a long growth runway for Fastenal.
- Fastenal can capitalize on its national scale, broad product portfolio, and inventory-management services to take market share from smaller and less capable distributors.
- Despite serving cyclical end markets, Fastenal’s business model generates strong free cash flow throughout the cycle. Fastenal is likely to continue to use its cash flow to fund a shareholder-friendly capital allocation strategy.
Company Description:
Fastenal opened its first fastener store in 1967 in Winona, Minnesota. Since then, Fastenal has greatly expanded its footprint as well as its products and services. Today, Fastenal serves its 400,000 active customers through approximately 1,760 branches, over 1,400 on-site locations, and 14 distribution centers. Since 1993, the company has added other product categories, but fasteners remain its largest category at about 30%-35% of sales. Fastenal also offers customers supply-chain solutions, such as vending and vendor-managed inventory.
(Source: Morningstar)
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